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Peru's weather seasons are predominantly influenced by its diverse geography and altitude, which can lead to varying conditions across the country. The dry season, which runs from May to September, is often considered the best time to visit Peru, especially for exploring Machu Picchu and the Sacred Valley. During these months, the weather is typically sunny with clear skies and daytime temperatures ranging from 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F), making it ideal for trekking and outdoor activities.

However, nights can be quite chilly, particularly in high-altitude areas, so packing layers is essential. In contrast, the wet season lasts from October to April, bringing frequent rain, especially in the Amazon region and the Andes. This is when Machu Picchu sees the least number of visitors, as trails can be muddy and visibility may be limited due to clouds.

Travelers should consider visiting during the shoulder months of April and October, when the weather is transitional; you can enjoy fewer crowds and relatively pleasant conditions. Regardless of the season, it’s important to stay hydrated, especially when trekking in high altitudes.

Cultural events, such as Inti Raymi in June, can also enhance the travel experience, providing a glimpse into Peru's rich cultural heritage. Be sure to check local festivals, as they might coincide with your visit and offer a unique perspective on Andean traditions.

When planning your trip, consider that even in the dry season, rain can occur, so a good rain jacket is advisable. Lastly, to avoid altitude sickness, take a couple of days to acclimatize in Cusco before heading to Machu Picchu.