The Canyon of Life & Depth

Carved over millennia by the Colca River, Colca Canyon plunges more than 1,000 metres (3,300 feet) below the Andean plateau and extends for about 70 kilometres. It is often described as one of the deepest canyons in the world—twice the depth of the United States’ Grand Canyon in some places. Located roughly 160 kilometres northwest of Arequipa, the canyon is framed by snowy volcanoes and dotted with villages where indigenous Collagua and Cabana peoples cultivate pre‑Inca terraces.

Canyon Highlights & Condor Watching

The most iconic experience in Colca Canyon is watching Andean condors glide on thermal currents at Cruz del Condor. Arrive early in the morning when these majestic birds take flight from cliffs just metres away. With wingspans reaching up to 2.7 metres (9 feet), condors symbolise freedom and are revered in Andean culture. Other panoramic viewpoints include Antahuilque and Tapay, which reveal tiered terraces and the distant oasis village of Sangalle.

Village Life & Hot Springs

As you explore, you’ll encounter communities that still farm centuries‑old terraces carved into the canyon walls. Villages like Chivay, Yanque and Coporaque feature colonial churches, colourful markets and traditional dances such as the wititi. Don’t miss the thermal baths at La Calera near Chivay or the more rustic pools in Yanque—soaking in warm mineral water while gazing at volcanoes is the perfect way to relax after a trek.

Trekking Routes

  • Classic Two‑Day Trek: From Cabanaconde descend 1,200 metres to the oasis at Sangalle, dotted with palm trees and swimming pools. Spend the night in simple lodges before tackling the steep ascent back to Cabanaconde at dawn.
  • Three‑Day Circuit: Add a night in the village of Llahuar, where you can bathe in riverside hot springs and enjoy home‑cooked meals. Continue to Sangalle via Tapay, passing orchards and terraced fields.
  • Day Hikes: Shorter walks from towns like Yanque lead to pre‑Inca ruins (Uyo Uyo), hanging bridges and viewpoints without descending into the canyon.

Planning Your Visit

Base your adventure in Arequipa, then journey by road through the Altiplano, spotting vicuñas and llamas in the Aguada Blanca National Reserve en route. Most visitors book a two‑ or three‑day tour, which includes transport, guide, park entrance and accommodation. Independent travellers can take buses to Cabanaconde and arrange lodging locally. Visit between May and November for dry weather; December to April brings rain and potential landslides.

Condor Viewing Tips

Condors ride morning thermals; arrive at Cruz del Condor by 8 a.m. for the best chance of sightings. Bring binoculars or a zoom lens. Remain quiet and keep a respectful distance—disturbances may alter the birds’ flight patterns. Layers are essential: dawn temperatures can be near freezing even when mid‑day sun is intense.

Health & Safety

The canyon’s rim sits at about 3,300 metres; descending to the river and climbing back up is strenuous. Acclimatise in Arequipa or Chivay, stay hydrated and pace yourself. Mules are available for hire if the climb proves too challenging. Sun protection and sufficient water are crucial. Stick to marked trails and hire local guides when in doubt—falls and rescue operations are not uncommon.

Cultural Respect & Sustainable Travel

The terraces that line Colca Canyon represent centuries of ingenuity and labour. Support their preservation by purchasing crafts directly from artisans and staying in locally owned lodges. Ask before photographing people and respect residents’ privacy. Many villages rely on seasonal tourism income; visiting outside peak times helps spread benefits. Avoid littering and follow Leave No Trace principles so condors and farmers alike can thrive.

Colca Canyon is not just about depth—it is about connection. From watching condors soar to sharing a bowl of quinoa soup in a village kitchen, the canyon invites travellers to appreciate both the grandeur of nature and the warmth of human communities. By trekking responsibly and with humility, you contribute to the canyon’s stories enduring far beyond your visit.