The Colca Canyon near Arequipa is one of the world’s deepest canyons—its deepest point plunges more than 3,500 m, nearly twice the depth of the Grand Canyon. Terraced slopes carved by pre-Inca civilizations still sustain farming communities, and Andean condors ride thermals above the cliffs. Trekking into the canyon allows you to experience these landscapes up close, soak in natural hot springs and stay in remote villages.

Routes & Itineraries

Unlike other treks that follow one defined path, Colca offers several loops starting from the village of Cabanaconde. A popular 2-day itinerary descends from Cabanaconde to the lush oasis of Sangalle. The descent takes about two hours and drops from 3,280 m (10,760 ft) to around 2,150 m (7,050 ft). After spending the night in basic bungalows surrounded by palm trees and pools, you face a steep 1,200-m climb back to the rim on Day 2. A more relaxed 3-day trek adds a night in San Juan de Chuccho and covers about 20 km (12 mi), with daily walking times of four to five hours.

Highlights

  • Watching majestic condors from the Cruz del Condor viewpoint between 8 and 9 AM, when they are most active.
  • Staying in Sangalle oasis, complete with palm trees, gardens and swimming pools fed by natural springs.
  • Exploring villages like San Juan de Chuccho and Llahuar, where you can sample local dishes and soak in hot springs.
  • Day hikes in the Colca Valley to pre-Inca ruins such as Uyo Uyo and to viewpoints overlooking terraced fields.

Difficulty & Preparation

Colca Canyon treks are rated moderate to strenuous. The trails are steep, dusty and often exposed to intense sun. Altitude is another factor: the rim sits around 3,300 m (10,800 ft), while the canyon floor is about 1,100 m lower. The 2-day trek is physically demanding because the ascent is done in a single push. The 3-day version spreads the climb over two mornings and is more accessible to hikers with average fitness.

Condor Viewing & Acclimatization

To maximise your chance of seeing condors, arrive at the Mirador Cruz del Condor early in the morning. Spend at least a couple of days in Arequipa or Chivay to acclimatize before descending into the canyon. Carry plenty of water, wear a hat and sunscreen, and consider hiring a mule for the climb out if you’re not accustomed to steep ascents.

Best Time to Trek

The dry season from May to October provides the best conditions. Days are sunny but not overly hot, and nights are cool. In the rainy season (December – March) the canyon is greener, but trails become slippery and clouds often obscure condor sightings. Shoulder months like April and November balance mild weather with thinner crowds.

Planning Tips

Start your trek early to avoid hiking in the midday sun. Bring cash for accommodations, meals and national park entrance fees. Guided tours include transport from Arequipa and often stop at viewpoints and hot springs. Independent travelers should check bus schedules to Cabanaconde and ensure they have a map or GPS for navigation. Support local communities by buying food and lodging directly from village families.